Engineering Reference

Hardware Reference

Insulators by ANSI class and voltage, conductor connectors and splices, dead-end and suspension hardware, surge arresters and cutouts, and grounding hardware. Field reference for distribution and transmission construction.

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Reference only. Hardware specifications shown are general industry data per ANSI, IEEE, and manufacturer literature. Always verify with current manufacturer datasheets and your utility\'s standards before specifying or installing. Insulator BIL, mechanical class, surge arrester MCOV, and grounding sizing must follow your project\'s engineering drawings.

49 insulators shown. BIL is the basic impulse insulation level. M&E is the mechanical / electrical strength rating in kN.

Category	Designation	Voltage Class	BIL	Leakage	Dry FO	Wet FO	M&E	Weight	Notes
Pin	ANSI 55-1	Up to 7.5 kV	95 kV	6.5 in	85 kV	50 kV	—	4 lb	Small distribution pin; secondary and primary up to 7.5 kV
Pin	ANSI 55-2	Up to 12.5 kV	110 kV	7.0 in	95 kV	60 kV	—	5 lb	12.5 kV class distribution pin
Pin	ANSI 55-3	Up to 15 kV	110 kV	9.0 in	110 kV	70 kV	—	6 lb	15 kV class — most common North American distribution pin
Pin	ANSI 55-4	Up to 23 kV	150 kV	11.5 in	130 kV	80 kV	—	7 lb	23 kV class distribution pin
Pin	ANSI 55-5	Up to 25 kV	150 kV	13.5 in	140 kV	85 kV	—	8 lb	25 kV class — common in Canadian distribution
Pin	ANSI 55-6	Up to 34.5 kV	200 kV	17.0 in	170 kV	110 kV	—	12 lb	34.5 kV class distribution pin
Post	ANSI 57-1	Up to 15 kV	110 kV	11.0 in	100 kV	70 kV	2000 lbf	9 lb	15 kV line post — used for crossarm-less distribution construction
Post	ANSI 57-2	Up to 25 kV	150 kV	14.0 in	130 kV	85 kV	2500 lbf	12 lb	25 kV line post
Post	ANSI 57-3	Up to 34.5 kV	200 kV	18.5 in	170 kV	110 kV	2900 lbf	17 lb	34.5 kV line post
Post	ANSI 57-4	69 kV	350 kV	30.0 in	270 kV	175 kV	4900 lbf	35 lb	69 kV line post
Post	ANSI 57-5	115 kV	550 kV	50.0 in	425 kV	275 kV	7900 lbf	60 lb	115 kV line post
Post	Station post 138 kV	138 kV	650 kV	60.0 in	480 kV	320 kV	7900 lbf	80 lb	Substation bus support
Post	Station post 230 kV	230 kV	1050 kV	95.0 in	750 kV	500 kV	11200 lbf	150 lb	Substation bus support
Suspension	Class 52-1, 70 kN disc	Per disc	110 kV	11.5 in	80 kV	50 kV	15700 lbf	9 lb	Standard 70 kN M&E disc; most common transmission disc in North America
Suspension	Class 52-2, 80 kN disc	Per disc	110 kV	11.5 in	80 kV	50 kV	18000 lbf	10 lb	80 kN M&E disc, slightly heavier ball
Suspension	Class 52-4, 120 kN disc	Per disc	110 kV	11.5 in	80 kV	50 kV	27000 lbf	12 lb	120 kN M&E disc, heavier transmission
Suspension	Class 52-5, 160 kN disc	Per disc	110 kV	11.5 in	80 kV	50 kV	36000 lbf	14 lb	160 kN M&E disc, heavy transmission
Suspension	Class 52-9, 240 kN disc	Per disc	110 kV	11.5 in	80 kV	50 kV	54000 lbf	20 lb	240 kN M&E disc, EHV applications
Suspension	Fog-type, 70 kN	Per disc	110 kV	14.0 in	85 kV	55 kV	15700 lbf	10 lb	Increased leakage for coastal / industrial pollution
Suspension	Fog-type, 120 kN	Per disc	110 kV	14.0 in	85 kV	55 kV	27000 lbf	13 lb	Heavier fog-type disc for transmission
Suspension	String, 4 discs (69 kV)	69 kV	350 kV	46.0 in	290 kV	175 kV	15700 lbf	36 lb	4 standard discs, 70 kN class
Suspension	String, 6 discs (115 kV)	115 kV	550 kV	69.0 in	435 kV	265 kV	15700 lbf	54 lb	6 standard discs, 70 kN class
Suspension	String, 8 discs (138 kV)	138 kV	650 kV	92.0 in	580 kV	350 kV	15700 lbf	72 lb	8 standard discs, 70 kN class
Suspension	String, 12 discs (230 kV)	230 kV	1050 kV	138.0 in	870 kV	525 kV	15700 lbf	108 lb	12 standard discs, 70 kN class
Suspension	String, 14 discs (230 kV pollution)	230 kV	1050 kV	161.0 in	1015 kV	615 kV	27000 lbf	168 lb	14 fog-type discs, 120 kN class — coastal/industrial
Suspension	String, 18 discs (345 kV)	345 kV	1300 kV	207.0 in	1305 kV	790 kV	27000 lbf	216 lb	18 standard discs, 120 kN class
Suspension	String, 25 discs (500 kV)	500 kV	1675 kV	288.0 in	1813 kV	1095 kV	36000 lbf	350 lb	25 standard discs, 160 kN class
Suspension	String, 35 discs (765 kV)	765 kV	2050 kV	403.0 in	2538 kV	1533 kV	54000 lbf	700 lb	35 standard discs, 240 kN class — EHV
Dead-End	Strain string 4 discs (69 kV)	69 kV	350 kV	46.0 in	290 kV	175 kV	15700 lbf	36 lb	Dead-end / strain at angles; same disc, tension orientation
Dead-End	Strain string 8 discs (138 kV)	138 kV	650 kV	92.0 in	580 kV	350 kV	27000 lbf	96 lb	Heavy dead-end, 120 kN class
Dead-End	Strain string 12 discs (230 kV)	230 kV	1050 kV	138.0 in	870 kV	525 kV	36000 lbf	168 lb	Heavy dead-end / heavy angle
Dead-End	Strain string 18 discs (345 kV)	345 kV	1300 kV	207.0 in	1305 kV	790 kV	54000 lbf	360 lb	EHV dead-end
Polymer-Dist	Polymer line post 15 kV	15 kV	110 kV	16.0 in	110 kV	75 kV	2000 lbf	5 lb	Composite polymer line post; lighter than porcelain, contamination-resistant
Polymer-Dist	Polymer line post 25 kV	25 kV	150 kV	21.0 in	145 kV	95 kV	2500 lbf	6 lb	Composite polymer line post
Polymer-Dist	Polymer line post 34.5 kV	34.5 kV	200 kV	28.0 in	195 kV	130 kV	2900 lbf	8 lb	Composite polymer line post
Polymer-Dist	Polymer dead-end 15 kV	15 kV	110 kV	16.0 in	110 kV	75 kV	15700 lbf	4 lb	Composite polymer dead-end / strain
Polymer-Dist	Polymer dead-end 25 kV	25 kV	150 kV	21.0 in	145 kV	95 kV	15700 lbf	5 lb	Composite polymer dead-end / strain
Polymer-Dist	Polymer dead-end 34.5 kV	34.5 kV	200 kV	28.0 in	195 kV	130 kV	15700 lbf	6 lb	Composite polymer dead-end / strain
Polymer-Trans	Polymer suspension 69 kV	69 kV	350 kV	60.0 in	290 kV	175 kV	15700 lbf	6 lb	Composite polymer suspension; ~80% lighter than disc string
Polymer-Trans	Polymer suspension 115 kV	115 kV	550 kV	90.0 in	435 kV	265 kV	15700 lbf	8 lb	Composite polymer suspension
Polymer-Trans	Polymer suspension 138 kV	138 kV	650 kV	110.0 in	580 kV	350 kV	15700 lbf	10 lb	Composite polymer suspension
Polymer-Trans	Polymer suspension 230 kV	230 kV	1050 kV	175.0 in	870 kV	525 kV	27000 lbf	18 lb	Composite polymer suspension; common in modern construction
Polymer-Trans	Polymer suspension 345 kV	345 kV	1300 kV	260.0 in	1305 kV	790 kV	27000 lbf	30 lb	Composite polymer suspension
Polymer-Trans	Polymer suspension 500 kV	500 kV	1675 kV	380.0 in	1813 kV	1095 kV	36000 lbf	50 lb	Composite polymer suspension
Polymer-Trans	Polymer dead-end 138 kV	138 kV	650 kV	110.0 in	580 kV	350 kV	27000 lbf	12 lb	Composite polymer dead-end / strain
Polymer-Trans	Polymer dead-end 230 kV	230 kV	1050 kV	175.0 in	870 kV	525 kV	36000 lbf	22 lb	Heavy composite polymer dead-end
Polymer-Trans	Polymer dead-end 345 kV	345 kV	1300 kV	260.0 in	1305 kV	790 kV	54000 lbf	35 lb	EHV composite polymer dead-end
Spool	ANSI 53-1 spool	Up to 0.6 kV (secondary)	—	—	—	—	2900 lbf	1 lb	Secondary / service drop spool
Spool	ANSI 53-2 spool	Up to 0.6 kV (secondary)	—	—	—	—	4900 lbf	2 lb	Heavy secondary spool

Hardware At A Glance

What each category does

Insulators

Pin, post, suspension, dead-end, polymer. Sized by voltage (BIL) and mechanical class (M&E in kN). Polymer is replacing porcelain in most modern transmission construction — lighter, contamination-resistant, and increasingly cost-competitive.

Connectors & Splices

Compression splices for full-tension joints. Bolted parallel-groove for taps. Hot-line clamps for live-work. Stirrups make permanent tap points that don't damage the main conductor.

Dead-Ends & Suspension

Preformed (helical), automatic, and bolted dead-ends. Suspension clamps for through-spans — standard or AGS armor-grip. Stockbridge dampers prevent aeolian vibration. Spacer-dampers handle bundled-conductor transmission.

Surge Arresters & Cutouts

MOV (metal-oxide varistor) arresters by MCOV class — distribution, intermediate, station. Cutouts protect distribution transformers and tap lines; K-type fuse links are fast, T-type are slower for cold-load pickup.

Grounding

Copper-clad steel ground rods are standard. Buried connections should be exothermic (Cadweld) where possible. Sub-station grids use 4/0 or 250 kcmil copper sized to fault current per IEEE 80.

Authoritative Standards

Source standards

ANSI C29.1 →

Test methods for electrical power insulators

ANSI C29.2 →

Insulators — Wet-Process Porcelain and Toughened Glass Suspension Type

ANSI C29.5/6 →

Pin-type porcelain insulators for distribution

ANSI C29.7 →

Wet-process porcelain post insulators (line and station)

ANSI C29.11 →

Composite suspension insulators (transmission)

ANSI C29.13 →

Composite line post insulators (distribution)

IEEE C62.11 →

MOV surge arresters for AC power circuits

ANSI C37.42 →

Specifications for distribution cutouts and fuse links

IEEE 80 →

Guide for safety in AC substation grounding

ASTM B187 →

Copper, bus bar, rod, and shapes (ground rod material spec)

CSA C411.1 →

AC suspension insulators (Canadian equivalent)

RUS 1728F-810 →

Specification for Connectors (USDA Rural Utilities Service)

Legal Disclaimer

The data on this page is provided for general reference and educational purposes only. Insulator BIL and flashover values follow ANSI C29 series specifications; surge arrester data follows IEEE C62.11; cutout and fuse data follows ANSI C37.42; grounding hardware follows IEEE 80 and ASTM B187. Connector, dead-end, and suspension hardware values are sourced from manufacturer literature. Specifications can vary between manufacturers and may be revised over time. Hardware selection is sensitive to system fault current, system voltage class, environmental conditions, and contamination level — all of which require engineering analysis. Enerzas makes no representation that this data is current, complete, or appropriate for any specific design, construction, or operating decision. Always reference the engineering specifications, manufacturer\'s installation manuals, and applicable standards (NESC, CSA C22.3 No. 1, IEEE C2, OSHA 1910.269) for your specific job. When in doubt, consult a licensed professional engineer or your utility\'s standards group. Enerzas assumes no liability for the use or misuse of this data.

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